Researchers from McMaster University have discovered that a chemical compound in cannabis could be used to treat a highly resistant superbug.
Microbiologist Eric Brown and his team found that mice infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), one of the most common and deadly bacteria, could be nursed back to health with a non-psychoactive element of cannabis known as cannabigerol (CBG).
“We were motivated obviously by the excitement around cannabis for medical use,” said Brown, who is a biochemistry and biomedical professor at McMaster.
Similar to the well-known cannabinoids CBD and THC, CBG is another compound produced by marijuana plants.
“One of the obstacles for the use of cannabis or cannabinoids is the lack of evidence about what these things might be good for,” said Brown, adding that he reasoned the plant was producing the substances for a purpose, possibly to protect itself against bacteria.
The Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strain is recognized as a leading cause of infections and a major perpetrator of illness and death on the World Health Organization’s list of “priority pathogens” released in 2017.
“It’s one of the superbugs which is causing considerable problems with drug resistant infections in the clinic and in the community,” he said, noting that it can cause minor irritations like pimples or boils, but can also lead to respiratory or blood infections in severe cases.
The strain has become increasingly resistant to antibiotics currently on the market, but Brown’s study, ‘Uncovering the Hidden Antibiotic Potential of Cannabis,’ highlights the possibility of alternative drug therapies.
Over a span of two years, Brown tested several different commercially available cannabis compounds in mice. He said his team worked in collaboration with Jakob Magolan, an associate professor of biochemistry and biomedical sciences at McMaster who produced synthetic CBG for the study.
Across several trials, CBG showed the strongest antibiotic potential, effectively targeting the resilient bacteria. The cannabinoid was able to penetrate the bacteria’s biofilm, a robust film-layer that the microorganism develops to protect itself, according to Brown.